9. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedge Accounting
The Group’s derivative operations focus on addressing the needs of the Group’s corporate clients to hedge their risk exposure and to hedge the Group’s risk exposure that results from such client contracts. The Group also engages in derivative trading activities to hedge the interest rate and foreign currency risk exposures that arise from the Group’s own assets and liabilities. In addition, the Group engages in proprietary trading of derivatives within the Group’s regulated open position limits.
The Group provides and trades a range of derivatives products, including:
• | Interest rate swaps, relating to interest rate risks in Korean won |
• | Cross-currency swaps, forwards and options relating to foreign exchange rate risks, |
• | Stock price index options linked with the KOSPI index. |
In particular, the Group applies fair value hedge accounting using interest rate swaps, currency forwards and others to hedge the risk of changes in fair values due to the changes in interest rates and foreign exchange rates of structured debentures in Korean won, financial debentures in foreign currencies, structured deposits in foreign currencies and others. And the Group applies cash flow hedge using interest rate swaps, cross currency swaps and others to hedge the risk of changes in cash flows of floating rate notes in Korean won, borrowings in foreign currencies and others. In addition, the Group applies net investment hedge accounting using currency forwards and designating financial debentures in foreign currencies as hedging instruments to hedge foreign exchange risks on net investments in foreign operations.
Details of derivative financial instruments held for trading as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, are as follows:
2016 | ||||||||||||
Notional amount | Assets | Liabilities | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Interest rate |
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Futures1 |
₩ | 4,352,216 | ₩ | 130 | ₩ | 620 | ||||||
Swaps |
138,697,962 | 695,474 | 676,887 | |||||||||
Options |
6,376,707 | 48,323 | 161,747 | |||||||||
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Sub-total |
149,426,885 | 743,927 | 839,254 | |||||||||
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Currency |
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Forwards |
58,662,586 | 1,343,953 | 1,206,539 | |||||||||
Futures1 |
482,323 | 1,210 | — | |||||||||
Swaps |
30,929,704 | 756,936 | 919,549 | |||||||||
Options |
487,937 | 4,955 | 4,557 | |||||||||
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Sub-total |
90,562,550 | 2,107,054 | 2,130,645 | |||||||||
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Stock and index |
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Futures1 |
823,202 | 9,438 | 170 | |||||||||
Swaps |
6,276,026 | 105,437 | 175,679 | |||||||||
Options |
10,641,997 | 259,896 | 511,218 | |||||||||
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Sub-total |
17,741,225 | 374,771 | 687,067 | |||||||||
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Credit |
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Swaps |
5,219,740 | 55,207 | 49,653 | |||||||||
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Sub-total |
5,219,740 | 55,207 | 49,653 | |||||||||
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Commodity |
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Futures1 |
320 | — | 7 | |||||||||
Swaps |
12,240 | 766 | 4,765 | |||||||||
Options |
2,168 | 20 | — | |||||||||
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Sub-total |
14,728 | 786 | 4,772 | |||||||||
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Other |
1,145,195 | 16,583 | 6,428 | |||||||||
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Total |
₩ | 264,110,323 | ₩ | 3,298,328 | ₩ | 3,717,819 | ||||||
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2017 | ||||||||||||
Notional amount | Assets | Liabilities | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Interest rate |
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Futures1 |
₩ | 4,770,568 | ₩ | 4,952 | ₩ | 528 | ||||||
Swaps |
190,186,189 | 434,316 | 399,674 | |||||||||
Options |
13,560,861 | 137,958 | 234,474 | |||||||||
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Sub-total |
208,517,618 | 577,226 | 634,676 | |||||||||
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Currency |
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Forwards |
64,308,472 | 1,261,491 | 1,233,633 | |||||||||
Futures1 |
622,711 | 52 | 1,163 | |||||||||
Swaps |
29,769,290 | 847,506 | 759,757 | |||||||||
Options |
695,617 | 4,099 | 6,994 | |||||||||
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Sub-total |
95,396,090 | 2,113,148 | 2,001,547 | |||||||||
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Stock and index |
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Futures1 |
1,013,846 | 3,599 | 1,132 | |||||||||
Swaps |
5,623,391 | 112,929 | 96,894 | |||||||||
Options |
6,408,019 | 116,215 | 274,544 | |||||||||
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Sub-total |
13,045,256 | 232,743 | 372,570 | |||||||||
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Credit |
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Swaps |
5,799,606 | 42,000 | 36,963 | |||||||||
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Sub-total |
5,799,606 | 42,000 | 36,963 | |||||||||
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Commodity |
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Futures1 |
4,791 | 112 | 19 | |||||||||
Swaps |
67,008 | 4,221 | 118 | |||||||||
Options |
245 | 1 | — | |||||||||
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Sub-total |
72,044 | 4,334 | 137 | |||||||||
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Other |
1,955,581 | 28,591 | 8,721 | |||||||||
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Total |
₩ | 324,786,195 | ₩ | 2,998,042 | ₩ | 3,054,614 | ||||||
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1 | Gain or loss arising from futures daily settlement is reflected in the margin accounts. |
Fair Value Hedge
Details of derivative instruments designated as fair value hedge as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, are as follows:
2016 | ||||||||||||
Notional amount | Assets | Liabilities | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Interest rate |
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Swaps |
₩ | 3,130,646 | ₩ | 48,424 | ₩ | 63,634 | ||||||
Currency |
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Forwards |
433,831 | 1,912 | 17,454 | |||||||||
Other |
140,000 | 1,463 | 186 | |||||||||
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Total |
₩ | 3,704,477 | ₩ | 51,799 | ₩ | 81,274 | ||||||
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2017 | ||||||||||||
Notional amount | Assets | Liabilities | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Interest rate |
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Swaps |
₩ | 2,919,935 | ₩ | 47,856 | ₩ | 49,962 | ||||||
Currency |
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Forwards |
2,818,527 | 108,144 | 872 | |||||||||
Other |
50,000 | 775 | 70 | |||||||||
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Total |
₩ | 5,788,462 | ₩ | 156,775 | ₩ | 50,904 | ||||||
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The fair value of non-derivative financial instruments designated as hedging instruments is as follows:
2016 | 2017 | |||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||
Deposits in foreign currencies |
₩ | — | ₩ | 32,051 |
Gains and losses from fair value hedging instruments and hedged items attributable to the hedged risk for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, are as follows:
2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Gains(losses) on hedging instruments |
₩ | (47,491 | ) | ₩ | (88,999 | ) | ₩ | 93,112 | ||||
Gains(losses) on the hedged items attributable to the hedged risk |
48,265 | 91,167 | (56,461 | ) | ||||||||
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Total |
₩ | 774 | ₩ | 2,168 | ₩ | 36,651 | ||||||
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Cash Flow Hedge
Details of derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedge as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, are as follows:
2016 | ||||||||||||
Notional amount | Assets | Liabilities | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Interest rate |
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Swaps |
₩ | 1,078,000 | ₩ | 907 | ₩ | 8,035 | ||||||
Currency |
||||||||||||
Swaps |
362,550 | 29,888 | — | |||||||||
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Total |
₩ | 1,440,550 | ₩ | 30,795 | ₩ | 8,035 | ||||||
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2017 | ||||||||||||
Notional amount | Assets | Liabilities | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Interest rate |
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Swaps |
₩ | 2,393,491 | ₩ | 15,796 | ₩ | 3,905 | ||||||
Currency |
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Swaps |
2,396,957 | 117,597 | 33,342 | |||||||||
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Total |
₩ | 4,790,448 | ₩ | 133,393 | ₩ | 37,247 | ||||||
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Gains and losses from hedging instruments and hedged items attributable to the hedged risk for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, are as follows: |
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2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Gains(losses) on hedging instruments |
₩ | 24,047 | ₩ | 16,759 | ₩ | (112,513 | ) | |||||
Effective gains(losses) from cash flow hedging instruments |
23,368 | 16,238 | (100,949 | ) | ||||||||
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Ineffective gains(losses) from cash flow hedging instruments |
₩ | 679 | ₩ | 521 | ₩ | (11,564 | ) | |||||
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Amounts recognized in other comprehensive income and reclassified from equity to profit or loss for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, are as follows: |
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2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Amount recognized in other comprehensive income |
₩ | 23,368 | ₩ | 16,238 | ₩ | (100,949 | ) | |||||
Amount reclassified from equity to profit or loss |
(22,118 | ) | (10,447 | ) | 126,239 | |||||||
Tax effect |
(525 | ) | (1,488 | ) | (4,331 | ) | ||||||
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Total |
₩ | 725 | ₩ | 4,303 | ₩ | 20,959 | ||||||
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Hedge on Net Investments in Foreign Operations
Details of derivative instruments designated as foreign operations net investments hedge as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, are as follows:
2016 | ||||||||||||
Notional amount | Assets | Liabilities | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Currency |
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Forwards |
₩ | 12,502 | ₩ | 1,013 | ₩ | — | ||||||
2017 | ||||||||||||
Notional amount | Assets | Liabilities | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Currency |
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Forwards |
₩ | 484,033 | ₩ | 21,956 | ₩ | — | ||||||
Gain or loss from hedging instruments in hedge of net investments in foreign operations and hedged items attributable to the hedged risk for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, are as follows: |
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2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Effective portion of gain(loss) on hedges of net investments in foreign operations |
₩ | (33,611 | ) | ₩ | (9,360 | ) | ₩ | 34,800 | ||||
Ineffective portion of gain on hedges of net investments in foreign operations |
— | — | 1,129 | |||||||||
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Gains(losses) on hedging instruments |
₩ | (33,611 | ) | ₩ | (9,360 | ) | ₩ | 35,929 | ||||
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The effective portion of gain (loss) on hedging instruments recognized in other comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, are as follows: |
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2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||||||
Amount recognized in other comprehensive income |
₩ | (33,611 | ) | ₩ | (9,360 | ) | ₩ | 34,800 | ||||
Tax effect |
8,134 | 2,265 | (8,186 | ) | ||||||||
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Amount recognized in other comprehensive income, net of tax |
₩ | (25,477 | ) | ₩ | (7,095 | ) | ₩ | 26,614 | ||||
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The fair value of non-derivative financial instruments designated as hedging instruments is as follows:
2016 | 2017 | |||||||
(In millions of Korean won) | ||||||||
Financial debentures in foreign currencies |
₩ | 199,478 | ₩ | 99,994 |