| | 2017 | | 2016 | | ||
Opening balance | | | 155,359 | | | - | |
Exchange difference | | | (86,892) | | | 231,879 | |
Ineffectiveness | | | 329 | | | - | |
Deferred income tax | | | 28,566 | | | (76,520) | |
Closing balance | | | 97,362 | | | 155,359 | |