Changes in intangible assets of definite life in 2017, 2016 and 2015, were as follows:
| 2017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extraction rights |
Industrial property and trademarks |
Customer relations |
Mining projects |
Others 1 | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at beginning of period |
Ps | 35,047 | 357 | 259 | 877 | 4,648 | 41,188 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Additions (disposals), net1 |
278 | (783 | ) | — | (148 | ) | 424 | (229 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
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Business combinations (note 4.1) |
— | — | — | 4 | 72 | 76 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Reclassifications (notes 4.1, 4.2 and 12) |
— | — | (27 | ) | — | — | (27 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Amortization for the period |
(716 | ) | (110 | ) | (225 | ) | (12 | ) | (974 | ) | (2,037 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
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Impairment losses |
(38 | ) | — | — | — | (12 | ) | (50 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
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Foreign currency translation effects |
(1,448 | ) | 1,101 | — | (20 | ) | 881 | 514 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at the end of period |
Ps | 33,123 | 565 | 7 | 701 | 5,039 | 39,435 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| 2016 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extraction rights |
Industrial property and trademarks |
Customer relations |
Mining projects |
Others 1 | Total | 2015 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at beginning of period |
Ps | 30,327 | 622 | 1,004 | 805 | 3,808 | 36,566 | 32,940 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Business combinations |
— | — | — | — | — | — | 616 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Additions (disposals), net1 |
201 | (760 | ) | — | (382 | ) | 343 | (598 | ) | (186 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Reclassifications (notes 4.1, 4.2 and 12) |
— | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Amortization for the period |
(712 | ) | (293 | ) | (658 | ) | (12 | ) | (275 | ) | (1,950 | ) | (1,572 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
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Impairment losses |
(6 | ) | — | — | — | (19 | ) | (25 | ) | (10 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Foreign currency translation effects |
5,237 | 788 | (87 | ) | 466 | 791 | 7,195 | 4,777 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at the end of period |
Ps | 35,047 | 357 | 259 | 877 | 4,648 | 41,188 | 36,566 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 1 | As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, “Others” includes the carrying amount of internal-use software of Ps2,981 and Ps2,544, respectively. Capitalized direct costs incurred in the development stage of internal-use software, such as professional fees, direct labor and related travel expenses, amounted to Ps1,422 in 2017, Ps769 in 2016 and Ps615 in 2015. |