| (g) |
Share based payments |
Where equity-settled share options are awarded to employees, the fair value of the options at the date of grant is charged to profit or loss over the vesting period. Performance vesting conditions are taken into account by adjusting the number of equity instruments expected to vest at each reporting date so that, ultimately, the cumulative amount recognized over the vesting period is based on the number of options that will eventually vest. Where equity instruments are granted to employees, they are recorded at the instruments grant date fair value.
Where the terms and conditions of options are modified before they vest, the increase in the fair value of the options, measured immediately before and after the modification, is also charged to profit or loss over the remaining vesting period.
Where equity instruments are granted to non-employees, they are recorded at the fair value of the goods or services received in profit or loss, unless they are related to the issuance of shares. Amounts related to the issuance of shares are recorded as a reduction of share capital.
When the value of goods or services received in exchange for the share-based payment to non-employees cannot be reliably estimated, the fair value of the share-based payment is measured by use of a valuation model to measure the value of the equity instruments issued. The expected life used in the model is adjusted, based on management’s best estimate, for the effects of non-transferability, exercise restrictions, and behavioural considerations.
All equity-settled share based payments are reflected in contributed surplus, until exercised. Upon exercise, shares are issued from treasury and the amount reflected in contributed surplus is credited to share capital along with any consideration received.
Where a grant of options is cancelled or settled during the vesting period, excluding forfeitures when vesting conditions are not satisfied, the Company immediately accounts for the cancellation as an acceleration of vesting and recognizes the amount that otherwise would have been recognized for services received over the remainder of the vesting period. Any payment made to the employee on the cancellation is accounted for as the repurchase of an equity interest except to the extent the payment exceeds the fair value of the equity instrument granted, measured at the repurchase date. Any such excess is recognized as an expense.