24. | Employee Benefits |
(a) | Defined benefit plans |
(1) | Recognized liabilities for defined benefit obligation at the reporting date were as follows: |
| | December 31, | | ||||
| | 2017 | | 2016 | | ||
| | (in thousands) | | ||||
Present value of defined benefit obligation | | $ | (3,128,927) | | | (3,027,176) | |
Fair value of plan assets | | | 2,213,018 | | | 2,105,690 | |
Net defined benefit liability | | $ | (915,909) | | | (921,486) | |
(2) | Movement in net defined benefit liability |
| | Defined benefit obligation | | Fair value of plan assets | | Net defined benefit liability | | ||||||||||||
| | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2017 | | 2016 | | ||||||
| | (in thousands) | | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, | | $ | (3,027,176) | | | (2,813,072) | | | 2,105,690 | | | 2,059,399 | | | (921,486) | | | (753,673) | |
Included in profit or loss | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Service cost | | | (6,242) | | | (18,227) | | | - | | | - | | | (6,242) | | | (18,227) | |
Interest cost | | | (53,624) | | | (53,959) | | | - | | | - | | | (53,624) | | | (53,959) | |
Expected return on plan assets | | | - | | | - | | | 37,902 | | | 39,054 | | | 37,902 | | | 39,054 | |
| | | (59,866) | | | (72,186) | | | 37,902 | | | 39,054 | | | (21,964) | | | (33,132) | |
Included in OCI | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Remeasurements (loss) gain: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Actuarial (loss) gain arising from: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
- demographic assumptions | | | (21,054) | | | (51,349) | | | - | | | - | | | (21,054) | | | (51,349) | |
- financial assumptions | | | (126,708) | | | (244,142) | | | - | | | - | | | (126,708) | | | (244,142) | |
- experience adjustment | | | 66,016 | | | 91,378 | | | - | | | - | | | 66,016 | | | 91,378 | |
Return on plan assets excluding interest income | | | - | | | - | | | (16,345) | | | (21,081) | | | (16,345) | | | (21,081) | |
| | | (81,746) | | | (204,113) | | | (16,345) | | | (21,081) | | | (98,091) | | | (225,194) | |
Other | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Contributions paid by the employer | | | - | | | - | | | 102,870 | | | 103,761 | | | 102,870 | | | 103,761 | |
Benefits paid | | | 37,528 | | | 62,516 | | | (17,099) | | | (28,443) | | | 20,429 | | | 34,073 | |
Effect of changes in exchange rates and others | | | 2,333 | | | (321) | | | - | | | (47,000) | | | 2,333 | | | (47,321) | |
| | | 39,861 | | | 62,195 | | | 85,771 | | | 28,318 | | | 125,632 | | | 90,513 | |
Balance at December 31, | | $ | (3,128,927) | | | (3,027,176) | | | 2,213,018 | | | 2,105,690 | | | (915,909) | | | (921,486) | |
(3) | Plan assets |
(4) | Defined benefit obligation |
| (i) | Principal actuarial assumptions |
| | December 31, | | ||
| | 2017 | | 2016 | |
Discount rate | | 0.21%~1.60% | | 0.33%~1.80% | |
Rate of increase in future salary | | 0.77%~4.49% | | 1.19%~3.79% | |
(ii) | Sensitivity analysis |
| | December 31, 2017 | | December 31, 2016 | | ||||||||
| | Changes in assumptions | | Changes in assumptions | | ||||||||
| | + 0.25% | | - 0.25% | | + 0.25% | | - 0.25% | | ||||
| | (in thousands) | | (in thousands) | | ||||||||
Discount rate | | $ | (158,160) | | | 167,594 | | | (156,764) | | | 166,453 | |
Rate of increase in future salary | | $ | 164,867 | | | (156,470) | | | 164,140 | | | (155,466) | |
(b) | Defined contribution plans |