Note 5 - Operating Segments
A. General
1. Information on operating segments:
ICL is a leading global specialty minerals company that operates a unique integrated business model. The Company operates via two segments: the Essential Minerals segment and the Specialty Solutions segment. Following management decision regarding the Company’s structure, as of January 2017, ICL Specialty Fertilizers business line is a part of the Essential Mineral segment.
Essential Minerals Segment – This segment includes three business lines: ICL Potash & Magnesium, ICL Phosphate and, since January 2017, also ICL Specialty Fertilizers (which was previously presented under the Specialty Solutions segment).The comparative data has been restated in order to reflect the change. The segment targets the Agro market and focuses on efficiency, process innovation and operational excellence, in order to improve the competitive position.
ICL Potash & Magnesium – ICL Potash & Magnesium extracts potash from the Dead Sea and mines and produces potash and salt from subterranean mines in Spain and the UK. ICL Potash & Magnesium processes the potash into its types and markets it globally and also carries on other intercompany operations not solely related to the potash activities. ICL Potash & Magnesium also mines and produces Polysulphate™ (mined as polyhalite ore) in a subterranean mine in the UK. The magnesium business produces, markets and sells pure magnesium and magnesium alloys, and also produces dry carnallite and related by-products, including chlorine and sylvinite.
ICL Phosphate – ICL Phosphate mines and processes phosphate rock from open pit mines – three of which are located in the Negev Desert in Israel while the fourth is situated in the Yunnan province in China. In addition, ICL Phosphate produces sulphuric acid, fertilizer-grade (“green”) phosphoric acid and phosphate fertilizers in its facilities in Israel, China and Europe. Furthermore, ICL Phosphate manufactures phosphate‑based food additives for livestock in Turkey. ICL Phosphate markets its products worldwide, mainly in Europe, Brazil, India and China.
ICL Specialty Fertilizers – ICL Specialty Fertilizers produces water soluble specialty fertilizers in the Netherlands and Belgium, liquid fertilizers and soluble fertilizers in Israel and Spain, and controlled‑release fertilizers in the Netherlands and the United States. ICL Specialty Fertilizers markets its products worldwide, mainly in Europe, China, North America and Israel.
Note 5 - Operating Segments (cont’d)
A. General (cont’d)
1. Information on operating segments: (cont'd)
Specialty Solutions Segment – This segment includes three business lines: ICL Industrial Products, ICL Advanced Additives and ICL Food Specialties. The segment targets industrial markets and concentrates on achieving growth through a highly-tailored customer focus, as well as product innovation and commercial excellence.
ICL Industrial Products –ICL Industrial Products produces bromine out of a solution that is created as a by‑product of the KCl production process in Sodom, Israel, as well as bromine‑based compounds. ICL Industrial Products uses most of the bromine it produces for self‑production of bromine compounds at its production sites in Israel, the Netherlands and China. In addition, ICL Industrial Products produces several grades of KCl, salt, magnesium chloride and magnesia products. ICL Industrial Products is also engaged in the production and marketing of phosphorous-based flame retardants and additional phosphorus‑based products.
ICL Advanced Additives – ICL Advanced Additives primarily develops, produces, markets and sells a broad range of acids and specialty phosphates for various applications in a large number of industries, including metal and water treatment, paints and coatings, cleaning materials, oral hygiene, carbonated drinks and asphalt modification. The diverse products and market base support and are consistent with the Company’s strategy of increasing production of downstream products with higher added value. ICL Advanced Additives purifies some of the fertilizer-grade phosphoric acid manufactured by ICL Phosphate and also manufactures thermal phosphoric acid. The purified phosphoric acid and thermal phosphoric acid are used to manufacture downstream products with high added value – phosphate salts and acids – which are used in the various industries mentioned above. Relating to the divestiture of the fire safety and oil additives business, see Note 11.
ICL Food Specialties – ICL Food Specialties is a leader in developing and producing functional food ingredients and phosphate additives, which provide texture and stability solutions for the processed meat, poultry, seafood, dairy, beverage and baked goods markets. In addition, the business line produces milk and whey proteins for the food ingredients industry and provides blended, integrated solutions based on dairy proteins and phosphate additives. The business line operates primary production locations in Germany, the United States, Brazil, China, and Austria, which mainly process phosphates, milk, and spices, and also operates blending facilities in Germany, the UK, the United States, Brazil, Argentina and Australia, enabling the production of "customer specific" solutions that meet the requirements of the local market.
2. Segment capital investments
The capital investments made by the segments, for each of the reporting years, include mainly property, plant and equipment and intangible assets acquired in the ordinary course of business and as part of business combinations.
Note 5 - Operating Segments (cont’d)
A. General (cont’d)
3. Inter–segment transfers and unallocated income (expenses)
Segment revenues, expenses and results include inter-segment transfers, which are priced mainly based on transaction prices in the ordinary course of business – this being based on reports that are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker. These transfers are eliminated as part of consolidation of the financial statements. The segment income is measured based on the operating income, without certain expenses that are not allocated to the operating segments including general and administrative expenses, as it is included in reports that are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker.
Note 5 - Operating Segments (cont’d)
B. Operating segment data
| Specialty Solutions Segment | Essential Minerals Segment | Other activities | Eliminations | Consolidated |
| $ millions |
Note 5 - Operating Segments (cont'd)
B. Operating segment data (cont'd)
| Specialty Solutions Segment | Essential Minerals Segment | Other activities | Eliminations | Consolidated |
| $ millions |
Note 5 - Operating Segments (cont’d)
B. Operating segment data (cont'd)
| Specialty Solutions Segment | Essential Minerals Segment | Other activities | Eliminations | Consolidated |
| $ millions |
Note 5 - Operating Segments (cont'd)
C. Information based on geographical location
Following is data regarding the distribution of the Group sales by geographical location of the customer:
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||
| $ millions | % of sales | $ millions | % of sales | $ millions | % of sales |
| For the year ended December 31 | ||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 |
| $ millions | $ millions | $ millions |
Note 5 - Operating Segments (cont'd)
C. Information based on geographical location (cont'd)
Following is data regarding the group operating income (loss) by geographical location of the assets from which it was produced:
| For the year ended December 31 | ||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 |
| $ millions | $ millions | $ millions |
Following is data regarding the non-current assets by geographical location of the assets (*)
| For the year ended December 31 | |
| 2017 | 2016 |
| $ millions | $ millions |
(*) Consist mainly of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, non-current inventories, lease rights and investments in equity-accounted investees.
Note 5 - Operating Segments (cont'd)
D. Segment Sales by Business lines
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | |||
| $ millions | % of sales | $ millions | % of sales | $ millions | % of sales |
E. Information on operating income by Business lines
Set forth below is additional information regarding the operating income attributable to the segments by business line:
| For the year ended December 31 | ||
| 2017 | 2016 | 2015 |
| $ millions | $ millions | $ millions |