Year ended December 31, 2017 | Year ended December 31, 2016 | |||||||||||||||||
Cost | Accumulated amortization | Carrying value | Cost | Accumulated amortization | Carrying value | |||||||||||||
$ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||
Balances – Beginning of the year | 30,032 | (29,962 | ) | 70 | 31,151 | (30,914 | ) | 237 | ||||||||||
Additions | — | — | — | 5 | — | 5 | ||||||||||||
Impairment (loss) reversal* | — | 44 | 44 | — | (85 | ) | (85 | ) | ||||||||||
Recurring amortization expense* | — | (38 | ) | (38 | ) | — | (83 | ) | (83 | ) | ||||||||
Impact of foreign exchange rate changes | 4,214 | (4,200 | ) | 14 | (1,124 | ) | 1,120 | (4 | ) | |||||||||
Balances – End of the year | 34,246 | (34,156 | ) | 90 | 30,032 | (29,962 | ) | 70 |