TORM plc | CIK:0001655891 |
ifrs-full:DescriptionOfAccountingPolicyForRecognitionOfRevenue
Revenue
Income is recognized in the income statement when:
· The income generating activities have been carried out on the basis of a binding agreement
· The income can be measured reliably
· It is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company
· Costs relating to the transaction can be measured reliably
Revenue comprises freight, charter hire and demurrage revenues from the vessels and gains and losses on forward freight agreements designated as hedges. Revenue is recognized when it meets the general criteria mentioned above, and when the stage of completion can be measured reliably. Accordingly, freight, charter hire and demurrage revenue are recognized at selling price upon delivery of the service as per the charter parties concluded.
Cross-over voyages
Revenue is recognized upon delivery of services in accordance with the terms and conditions of the charter parties. For cross-over voyages (voyages in progress at the end of a reporting period), the uncertainty and the dependence on estimates are greater than for finalized voyages. The Company recognizes a percentage of the estimated revenue for the voyage equal to the percentage of the estimated duration of the voyage completed at the balance sheet date. The estimate of revenue is based on the expected duration and destination of the voyage. Voyage expenses are recognized as incurred.
When recognizing revenue, there is a risk that the actual number of days it takes to complete the voyage will differ from the estimate, and for time charter parties a lower day rate may have been agreed for additional days. The contract for a single voyage may state several alternative destination ports. The destination port may change during the voyage, and the rate may vary depending on the destination port. Changes to the estimated duration of the voyage as well as changing destinations and weather conditions will affect the voyage expenses.
Demurrage revenue
Freight contracts contain conditions regarding the amount of time available for loading and discharging of the vessel. If these conditions are breached, TORM is compensated for the additional time incurred in the form of demurrage revenue. Demurrage revenue is recognized upon delivery of services in accordance with the terms and conditions of the charter parties. Upon completion of the voyage, the Company assesses the time spent in port, and a demurrage claim based on the relevant contractual conditions is submitted to the charterers.
The claim will often be met by counterclaims due to differences in the interpretation of the agreement compared to the actual circumstances of the additional time used. Based on previous experience, 95% of the demurrage claim submitted is recognized as demurrage revenue upon initial recognition. The Company receives the demurrage payment upon reaching final agreement on the amount, which on average is approximately 100 days after the original demurrage claim was submitted. Any adjustments to the final agreement are recognized as demurrage revenue.
Port expenses, bunkers and commissions
Port expenses, bunker fuel consumption and commissions are recognized as incurred. Gains and losses on forward bunker contracts designated as hedges and write-down and provisions for losses on freight receivables are included in this
line.
Freight and bunker derivatives
Freight and bunker derivatives comprise fair value adjustments and gains and losses on forward freight agreements, forward bunker contracts and other derivative financial instruments directly relating to shipping activities which are not designated as hedges. The freight and bunker derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting are recognized in Revenue and Port expense, bunkers and commissions respectively, as the hedging instrument is realized.
Charter hire
Charter hire comprises expenses related to the chartering in of vessels under operating leases which have been incurred in order to achieve the net revenue for the year.