9. | Property, plant and equipment |
$000 | | Dec 31, 2017 | | Dec 31, 2016 | | ||
Mine properties, mine development costs and mine plant facilities and equipment cost | | | | | | | |
At the beginning of year | | | 2,462,421 | | | 2,272,985 | |
Additions | | | 199,324 | | | 189,436 | |
| | | 2,661,745 | | | 2,462,421 | |
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | | | | | |
At beginning of year | | | 901,561 | | | 726,218 | |
Charge for the year | | | 182,900 | | | 175,343 | |
| | | 1,084,461 | | | 901,561 | |
Net book value | | | 1,577,284 | | | 1,560,860 | |
| | Dec 31, 2017 | | Dec 31, 2016 |
The remaining maximum estimated useful lives in respect of proven and probable reserves for each mine included above is as follows: | | | | |
Loulo | | 15 years | | 12 years |
Gounkoto | | 10 years | | 10 years |
Tongon | | 4 years | | 4 years |