PEPSICO INC | 2013 | FY | 3

Property, Plant and Equipment and Intangible Assets
A summary of our property, plant and equipment is as follows:

Average
Useful Life (Years)
 
2013

 
2012

 
2011

Property, plant and equipment, net

 
 
 

 

Land and improvements
10 – 34
 
$
1,883

 
$
1,890

 

Buildings and improvements
15 – 44
 
7,832

 
7,792

 

Machinery and equipment, including fleet and software
5 – 15
 
25,415

 
24,743

 

Construction in progress

 
1,831

 
1,737

 



 
36,961

 
36,162

 

Accumulated depreciation

 
(18,386
)
 
(17,026
)
 



 
$
18,575

 
$
19,136

 

Depreciation expense

 
$
2,472

 
$
2,489

 
$
2,476



Property, plant and equipment is recorded at historical cost. Depreciation and amortization are recognized on a straight-line basis over an asset’s estimated useful life. Land is not depreciated and construction in progress is not depreciated until ready for service.
A summary of our amortizable intangible assets, net is as follows:

 

2013

2012
 
2011
Amortizable intangible assets, net
Average
Useful Life (Years)

Gross

Accumulated
Amortization

Net

Gross

Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
 

Acquired franchise rights
56 – 60     

$
910


$
(83
)

$
827


$
931


$
(67
)
 
$
864

 

Reacquired franchise rights
1 – 14

108


(86
)

22


110


(68
)
 
42

 

Brands
5 – 40

1,400


(996
)

404


1,422


(980
)
 
442

 

Other identifiable intangibles
10 – 24

686


(301
)

385


736


(303
)
 
433

 




$
3,104


$
(1,466
)

$
1,638


$
3,199


$
(1,418
)
 
$
1,781

 

Amortization expense






$
110





 
$
119

 
$
133


Amortization of intangible assets for each of the next five years, based on existing intangible assets as of December 28, 2013 and using average 2013 foreign exchange rates, is expected to be as follows:
 
 
2014


2015


2016


2017


2018

Five-year projected amortization
 
$
94

 
$
85

 
$
76

 
$
71

 
$
70


Depreciable and amortizable assets are only evaluated for impairment upon a significant change in the operating or macroeconomic environment. In these circumstances, if an evaluation of the undiscounted cash flows indicates impairment, the asset is written down to its estimated fair value, which is based on discounted future cash flows. Useful lives are periodically evaluated to determine whether events or circumstances have occurred which indicate the need for revision. For additional unaudited information on our policies for amortizable brands, see “Our Critical Accounting Policies” in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Nonamortizable Intangible Assets
Perpetual brands and goodwill are assessed for impairment at least annually. If the carrying amount of a perpetual brand exceeds its fair value, as determined by its discounted cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. We did not recognize any impairment charges for goodwill in the years presented. We recorded impairment charges on certain brands in Europe of $23 million and $14 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively. For additional unaudited information on our policies for nonamortizable intangible assets, see “Our Critical Accounting Policies” in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The change in the book value of nonamortizable intangible assets is as follows:
 

Balance,
Beginning
2012
 
Acquisitions/(Divestitures)
 
Translation
and Other
 
Balance,
End of
2012
 
Acquisitions/
(Divestitures)
 
Translation
and Other
 
Balance,
End of
2013
FLNA

 

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill
$
311

 
$
—

 
$
5

 
$
316

 
$
—

 
$
(11
)
 
$
305

Brands
30

 
—

 
1

 
31

 
—

 
(2
)
 
29


341

 
—

 
6

 
347

 
—

 
(13
)
 
334

QFNA

 

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill
175

 
—

 
—

 
175

 
—

 
—

 
175

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LAF

 

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill
793

 
(61
)
 
(16
)
 
716

 
—

 
(56
)
 
660

Brands
157

 
75

 
(9
)
 
223

 
—

 
(17
)
 
206


950


14

 
(25
)
 
939

 
—

 
(73
)
 
866

PAB

 

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill
9,932

 
23

 
33

 
9,988

 
5

 
(50
)
 
9,943

Reacquired franchise rights
7,342

 
(33
)
 
28

 
7,337

 
16

 
(72
)
 
7,281

Acquired franchise rights
1,562

 
9

 
2


1,573

 
(8
)
 
(14
)
 
1,551

Brands
168

 
—

 
(15
)
 
153

 
—

 
(7
)
 
146


19,004

 
(1
)
 
48

 
19,051

 
13

 
(143
)
 
18,921

Europe

 

 

 

 

 

 

Goodwill
4,900

 
78

 
236

 
5,214

 
—

 
(187
)
 
5,027

Reacquired franchise rights
732

 
—

 
40

 
772

 
—

 
(12
)
 
760

Acquired franchise rights
218

 
—

 
5

 
223

 
—

 
7

 
230

Brands
4,178

 
(96
)
 
202

 
4,284

 
—

 
(213
)
 
4,071


10,028

 
(18
)
 
483

 
10,493

 
—

 
(405
)
 
10,088

AMEA

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
Goodwill
689

 
(142
)
 
15

 
562

 
(4
)
 
(55
)
 
503

Brands
170

 
(24
)
 
2

 
148

 
—

 
(21
)
 
127


859

 
(166
)
 
17

 
710

 
(4
)
 
(76
)
 
630

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total goodwill
16,800

 
(102
)
 
273

 
16,971

 
1

 
(359
)
 
16,613

Total reacquired franchise rights
8,074

 
(33
)
 
68

 
8,109

 
16

 
(84
)
 
8,041

Total acquired franchise rights
1,780

 
9

 
7

 
1,796

 
(8
)
 
(7
)
 
1,781

Total brands
4,703

 
(45
)
 
181

 
4,839

 
—

 
(260
)
 
4,579


$
31,357

 
$
(171
)
 
$
529

 
$
31,715

 
$
9

 
$
(710
)
 
$
31,014

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