Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in millions): | | | | | | | | | | December 31, | | 2013 | | 2012 | Deferred tax assets: | | | | Net operating losses U.S. - Federal/States (1) | $ | 53 |
| | $ | 47 |
| Net operating losses foreign (2) | 427 |
| | 289 |
| Accrued liabilities, reserves, & other expenses | 590 |
| | 482 |
| Stock-based compensation | 396 |
| | 281 |
| Deferred revenue | 249 |
| | 129 |
| Assets held for investment | 164 |
| | 129 |
| Other items | 177 |
| | 133 |
| Tax credits (3) | 107 |
| | 12 |
| Total gross deferred tax assets | 2,163 |
| | 1,502 |
| Less valuation allowance (4) | (698 | ) | | (415 | ) | Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance | 1,465 |
| | 1,087 |
| Deferred tax liabilities: | | | | Depreciation & amortization | (1,021 | ) | | (698 | ) | Acquisition related intangible assets | (201 | ) | | (274 | ) | Other items | (16 | ) | | (29 | ) | Net deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance | $ | 227 |
| | $ | 86 |
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___________________ | | (1) | Excluding $81 million and $9 million of deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, related to net operating losses that result from excess stock-based compensation and for which any benefit realized will be recorded to stockholders’ equity. |
| | (2) | Excluding $2 million and $2 million of deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, related to net operating losses that result from excess stock-based compensation and for which any benefit realized will be recorded to stockholders’ equity. |
| | (3) | Excluding $227 million and $146 million of deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, related to tax credits that result from excess stock-based compensation and for which any benefit realized will be recorded to stockholders’ equity. |
| | (4) | Relates primarily to deferred tax assets that would only be realizable upon the generation of net income in certain foreign taxing jurisdictions and future capital gains. |
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